81.108.18.192 (talk) 19:14, 19 March 2014 (UTC). I've removed the following content entirely, as it is already included in the article on gamma ray bursts, which is a more appropriate location. Does anyone know for sure? The following still makes me uncomfortable. Hypernova is the correct, or at least very common, designation of a different class of objects with some overlap (possibly a great deal of overlap, possibly not very much). How is Superluminous Supernova (astronomy) abbreviated? In this case a massive star (>30 solar masses) collapses to form a rotating black hole emitting twin energetic jets and surrounded by an accretion disk. Typically, stars can go supernova either by independently collapsing, or sharing material with a small dense star known as a white dwarf before an explosion takes place, known as a Type 1a supernova. (Dean P Foster), And web pages, naturally, are the ultimate source of information on astrophysics. An artist’s impression of the record-breakingly powerful superluminous supernova, as it would appear from an exoplanet located about 10,000 light years away in the host galaxy of the supernova. Credit: ESA, NASA. very bright. 1 word related to supernova: star. supernova, a massive star in the latter stages of stellar evolution stellar evolution, life history of a star, beginning with its condensation out of the interstellar gas (see interstellar matter) and ending, sometimes catastrophically, when the star has exhausted its nuclear fuel or can no longer adjust itself to a stable configuration. Known as superluminous supernovae, these events are typically 10 to 100 times brighter than a regular supernova but much more rare. so I'm not sure which way to go on this. What Is 10 Miles across, but Powers Explosion Brighter than Milky Way? Or not, if it doesn't produce a GRB at all, or if it doesn't beam in our direction. 7500 light years is a substantial distance, even for a GRB. discussion and move it onto a separate Collapsar page. Perhaps there are sensors faster than light that I know not of, but I would guess that all we know is that 7,500 years ago the star was 7,500 light years away. The superluminous supernova SN 2017egm in the nearby galaxy NGC 3191: a metal-rich environment can support a typical SLSN evolution. This is wrong, since a hypernova and a GRB are not the same thing, and we are no longer talking about only gamma ray wavelengths. What are synonyms for supernovae? The logical jump is then made to say that hypernovae outshine the rest of the objects in the sky. 1 INTRODUCTION. Distinguishing between Hypernovae and Superluminous Supernovae? -- Robert. If it was true then hypernovae would outshine all other objects at least at some objects whereas they are faint except (occasionally) in gamma rays. The reference given (a wayback machine archive of http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/universe/) is another example of a NASA article that misunderstands, exaggerates, or misrepresents accurate information to create a misleading impression. This is a true statement, albeit in the slightly misleading way that a laser can "outshine" the sun when it hits you in the eye, but is not actually more energetic than the sun. The reason is that the collapsars in popular culture all refer to black hole variants, and have nothing to do with the actual physical object / process theorized now. Since there are more than hundreds of galaxies in the universe, you do the math ... The observed sub-class of "superluminous" Type Ia supernovae lacks a convincing theoretical explanation. Eta Carinae, a nearby star system that may be on the cusp of exploding in a superluminous supernova, seethes in this 2012 image from the Hubble Space Telescope. An artist's impression of SN 2017egm showing the superluminous supernova's power source. At the same time, I volunteer to fix the science —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.9.41.15 (talk) 13:00, 7 June 2008 (UTC), Maybe it is just me but my reaction to most NASA fantasy drawings is disgust and it has no place in a science article. The probability of a hypernova occurring today is no more or no less than it was 200 million years ago. The difficulty is that sources appear to sometimes make a distinction and other times refer to them as the same thing. In this particular case, the misleading impression was further chinese-whispered into "most powerful events so far discovered in the cosmos" which is just plain wrong. http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/universe/, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJ...664..416B, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006NuPhA.777..424N, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002ApJ...572L..61M, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Superluminous_supernova&oldid=911426054, Start-Class physics articles of Mid-importance, Start-Class Astronomical objects articles, Pages within the scope of WikiProject Astronomical objects (WP Astronomy Banner), Start-Class Astronomy articles of High-importance, Wikipedia level-5 vital articles in Science, Wikipedia Start-Class vital articles in Science, Wikipedia Start-Class level-5 vital articles, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 August 2019, at 19:25. 2. It may produce a directional gamma ray source which if it hits the earth is briefly brighter than all other gamma ray sources in the sky (as seen from our vantage point). A hypernova may or may not be associated with a powerful burst of gamma radiation. 2006gy), although if the (non-observed) neutrino output is included then perhaps it is correct. Pinging recent editors @Arianewiki1, Lithopsian, and Quaoar:. Supernova (jamak Supernovae) adalah ledakan yang sangat energik dari suatu bintang besar dan masif yang berada di titik tertentu dalam siklus hidupnya, yang disebabkan oleh keruntuhan inti gravitasi di mana dapat memancarkan energi lebih banyak daripada nova dan kecerahannya dapat bertahan hingga beberapa bulan. Type Ia supernova e[edit] Type Ia supernova e, that involve one or two previous white dwarfs, have been proposed to be a channel for transformation of this type of stellar remmant. The 10^48 joules referred to here is higher than the energy outputs that are usually quoted for even the brightest hypernovae (eg. The term collapsar should be described independently from hypernova. A supernova is an exploding star at the end of its life cycle. I felt it was very misleading. SLSN stands for Superluminous Supernova (astronomy). issues of this article... (I am a supernova/GRB theorists and feel capable of doing it), Comments? However, various examples of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe; luminosities >7 × 1043 ergs per second) have only recently been documented. Dpv 00:27, 16 May 2006 (UTC), Yes, you're missing something: the energy will spread out as r-2, so the danger drops as the square of the distance. I can't be the only one seeing this, right? --Christopher Thomas 06:43, 6 July 2006 (UTC), "Hypernova (pl. Dekimasuよ! Chr1s 1 tried to make a change to distinguish the two, but I think addressing this in the article is going to be more involved than altering the lead due to the whole article referring to them interchangeably. Does this imply (incorrectly) that hypernovae are fairly regular events? Going supernova. Despite their potential as probes of the high redshift Universe, the physical origins of SLSNe still remain a mystery. Yet someone reading this sentence could be mislead by the Gambler's_fallacy into assuming that a hypernova was imminent. These are generally nicknamed ‘hypernovae’." Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), defined as events with an absolute magnitude brighter than −21 (M < −21), are a new puzzle in the study of supernovae (Gal-Yam 2012).They appear 50–100 times brighter than normal supernova events, and form at least two distinct classes: SLSNe-II, which show signatures of interaction with circumstellar material (CSM) via hydrogen and … —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.165.186.66 (talk) 01:12, 27 October 2007 (UTC). In the interim there is going to be a lot of duplicate material. True, although most likely not all do. I'm not the best writer, so I shall let one of you guys add the info. Known as superluminous supernovae or hypernovae, these extraordinary explosions show a luminosity 10 or more times higher than that of the more common type of supernova. (Of course it could just as easily be hundreds of millions of years from any such fate.) It was a great mystery, how could a star release so much energy in all directions. Hypernova. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.235.132.32 (talk) 09:37, 31 January 2008 (UTC), Yes, but remember that if we get that close to a star, there will be adverse effects before that happens due to the gravitational pull and the heat from that star. SN 2015bn is a nearby hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) that has been intensively observed in X-rays with the goal to detect the spindown powered emission from a magnetar engine. 2013; Cooke et al. 'Heavy Metal' Superluminous Supernova Closest Ever Seen "Now, two of the three most recent and best-observed Type Ia supernovae are weird, giving us new clues to how stars explode," said Filippenko, referring to a third, though apparently 'normal,' Type Ia supernova, SN 2011fe, discovered three years ago. This article seems to address Hypernovae (HNe) and Superluminous Supernovae (SLSNe) as the same class of supernova, but I'm not sure that's the case. Currently it may be a black hole and a bunch of gamma rays. That would mean the Earth is past due by 250 million years.". A hypernova (alternatively called a collapsar) is a very energetic supernova thought to result from an extreme core-collapse scenario. Suspecting that the "some web pages" part in the "OMG ETA CARINAE IS GOING TO KILL US ALL" line refers to the very same page, I removed that sentence as well. Hypercott 20:20, 23 October 2007 (UTC), The terms should definitely be split. This isn't mention in this article, and was a critical moment the development of an understanding of the universe. Supernovae, the luminous explosions of stars, have been observed since antiquity. From looking at the NASA page I believe it originally comes from, and the accompanying movie, I get a strong impression that it's an artist's rendition. Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) can briefly outshine the rest of the sources in the sky at gamma ray wavelengths. We identified relations between ejected mass, kinetic energy, spin period and magnetic field that seem to define when a supernova can become superluminous. Orcoteuthis (talk) 20:32, 9 January 2008 (UTC), These articles were tagged for merging by User:Cwolfsheep. The most luminous known supernovae are approximately 15 brighter than a standard type Ia and around 50 times brighter than a typical type II, while most "hypernovae" are around a tenth of that at peak. A regular supernova can brighten and fade over a period of weeks, but a superluminous supernovae can last several times longer, while also reaching its … SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA (Hypernova): A burst 5 to 50 times more energetic than a supernova. For example, SN 2017egm might have ejected less mass than its supernova counterparts because its massive star might have shed mass before exploding. What is a superluminous supernova? The discovery of a population of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), with peak luminosities a factor of ~100 brighter than normal supernovae (SNe; typically SLSNe have M V < –21), has shown an unexpected diversity in core-collapse SN properties. -- CYD, I removed the web pages linked to that provided the debated information. Mordecai-Mark Mac Low 19:36, 28 May 2006 (UTC), You are also forgetting that stars move in the galaxy, so we could end up right next to a potential supernova! 3. I'll leave this article alone for now, and try to produce a consistent hypernova article. The Astrophysical Journal Letters , … (As am I...) Arianewiki1 (talk) 10:58, 20 January 2017 (UTC), The result of the move request was: no consensus to move the page at this time, per the discussion below. I removed the offending sentence. ‘superluminous’ supernovae (SLSNe), some 100 times brighter than classical supernova types, offering new probes of the high redshift universe and the potential for a new class of standard candle[6, 7] ; 2 – transients showing a fast rise and subsequent rapid decay (FBOTs or rapidly DES16C2nm is classified as a superluminous supernova (SLSN), the brightest and rarest class of supernovae, first discovered ten years ago, thought to be caused by material falling onto the densest object in the Universe - a rapidly rotating neutron star newly formed in the explosion of a massive star. Why then not novas?--80.146.2.242 22:53, 28 August 2007 (UTC), I removed a section that was uncited and directly contradicted cited parts of the gamma ray bursts page. A supernova (plural supernovae) is a stellar explosion which produces an extremely bright object made of plasma that declines to invisibility over weeks or months. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lithopsian (talk • contribs) 11:14, 3 June 2012 (UTC), Right at the top of the page, there's the text "TWERKTWERKTWERKTWERKTWERKT... ==Gamma-ray bursts==TWERKTWERKTWERKTWERKTWERK...." however on the edit page I can't see it and therefore can't clean up the page. Some hypernovae are (or are coincident with, or produce) GRBs. 1. Here is roughly how the whispers went: But there’s a unique type of supernova that’s much brighter that we’re just starting to understand – and which may prove useful in measuring the universe. Discussion welcome, however ... Georgewilliamherbert (talk) 04:48, 4 August 2009 (UTC), The article isn't clear on whether or not the hypernova image (HyperNova1 LG.jpg) is an actual photograph or an artist's rendition. In this case a massive star (>30 solar masses) collapses to form a rotating black hole emitting twin energetic jets and surrounded by an accretion disk. I'll leave the duplication in place, it will make it easier to revert in case this approach is disputed, but if it seems good then someone else could start to cull it from here. 2012), the interstellar medium (ISM) in distant galaxies (Berger et al. A hypernova is typically a few hundred or a few thousand times as "powerful" (both more luminous and longer lasting) than a standard supernova, hence hundreds of times as bright as one galaxy. – Conrad T. Pino (talk) 05:05, 2 February 2008 (UTC). Superluminous supernovae are responsible for long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) , which can last anywhere from 2 … This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. 17:54, 4 June 2018 (UTC), Superluminous supernova → Hypernova – Per WP:CommonName. Hence a hypernova is not the most powerful event in the cosmos, briefly or otherwise. Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are an intriguing class of transients; exceptionally long-lived events whose luminosities exceed those of type-Ia SNe by a factor of 10. SLSN is defined as Superluminous Supernova (astronomy) very frequently. If it went hypernova 7480 years ago, then I don't think we'd know it yet, but it could affect us in the foreseeable future. Astronomers have also spotted extremely bright so-called “superluminous” supernovas, whose cause and origin are also unknown. I would like to take part of the collapsar Antonyms for supernovae. Yet here, the image author is listed as "Some telescope". The exact process that causes a superluminous supernova is another question. Known as superluminous supernovae, these events are typically 10 to 100 times brighter than a regular supernova … They usually appear similar to a type Ic supernova, but with unusually broad spectral li… Synonyms for supernovae in Free Thesaurus. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. We should be very careful when referring to "energy output", since different sources refer to different types of energy, for example, explosion energy, neutrino energy, kinetic energy, or radiated energy. Lithopsian (talk) 13:33, 16 August 2019 (UTC), Proposal: Split up Hypernova and Collapsar, Proposed merge of collapsar and hypernova, Are hypernovae the most energetic events in the universe. "Superluminous supernova" gets 13,800 Google search results while "Hypernova" gets 922,000. Apart from the hypernova SLSNe problem... Clearly, anyone generally reading this is ultimately utterly confused. SN 2017egm shares magnetar properties with other superluminous supernovas, but the researchers noted that the newly discovered supernova does have some differences. "It is estimated that a hypernova occurs every 200 million years. https://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/Superluminous+Supernova, Astronomers have detected the most distant, The blast - known as ASASSN-15lh - is thought to be an example of a ", However, there is a subset of particularly powerful supernovae, called, Called SN 2017egm, the event took place at a distance of only 420 million light-years from Earth, which is about three times closer than any other, He added that the discovery "may lead to new thinking and new observations of the whole class of, Detailed results of an investigation into the, When the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) detected a massive explosion in 2015, astronomers pored over the data and categorized the event as a, Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Astronomers reveal secrets of most distant supernova ever detected, Scientists spot most powerful supernova ever, 'Heavy Metal' Superluminous Supernova Closest Ever Seen. All right, if there are no comments on my previous post, then I will go ahead and create After all, iPTF14hls is not the only odd supernova to have appeared in recent years. Mordecai-Mark Mac Low 17:03, 29 May 2006 (UTC), The book "Death by Black Hole" by Neil DeGrasse Tyson, states that the coinage of the term "Hypernova" belongs to the Princeton astrophysicist, Bohdan Paczynski (p.280), yet this article states otherwise; should it be changed? But there’s a unique type of supernova that’s much brighter that we’re just starting to understand – and which may prove useful in measuring the universe. If *these* collapsars appeared in popular fiction then the IPC section would make sense, but other unrelated fictional things separately labeled collapsars don't (in my opinion) belong in this article. Our initial results demonstrate the outstanding capability of HSC to discover high-redshift supernovae. Superluminous supernova is the correct designation of a certain class of objects. Quite literally, a superluminous supernova is the explosion of a star that is multiple times brighter and more violent than that of a standard explosion. Supernova Explosion Brighter Than The Milky Way, Black Hole Swallowing Star Mistaken For Supernova, Superlotsaaddedstuffhack - Extended Magic. This artist's rendition shows the superluminous supernova ASASSN-15lh as it might appear in the skies of an exoplanet about 10,000 light-years away from the record-breaking cosmic explosion. It is a type of stellar explosion that ejects material with an unusually high kinetic energy, an order of magnitude higher than most supernovae. page here. Enough is mentioned about this star in the end of the article I think, without the doomsday prophecies. These so-called superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) have been a focus of SN science ever since, because of the opportunity they provide to study new explosion channels of very massive stars in the distant Universe (Howell et al. If the text there is considered too misleading to be included in the wikipedia, it's hardly a good source. I'm starting to split the articles on the basis of the following definitions: a hypernova being a supernovae having ejecta with an unusually high kinetic energy, both a large mass and a very high velocity; superluminous supernova being a supernovae with unusually high electromagnetic radiation, ie. 81.233.98.9 (talk) 21:08, 4 June 2010 (UTC), The first sentence contains the statement that "a type of supernova explosion with an energy of over 100 supernovae (over 1048 joules)". Most interestingly to me, we found that the magnetars have to be spinning extremely fast (1-5 ms rotation periods) and that these stars must have been born with over 20 times the mass of the Sun. this article doesn't explain that initially it was believe that gamma ray burst "hypernova" were believed to be a spherical ejection of matter. The term nova is the plural of the latin term novum and is in its current singular meaning in no way latin. Sam Walton (talk) 13:53, 17 January 2017 (UTC). Viet|Pham (talk) 01:38, 17 May 2008 (UTC). Searching for papers on the Astrophysics Data System on HNe and SLSNe brought me to these three papers, each of which makes some distinction between the two: Equally, there are papers like this one that write "the most suitable means to produce superluminous SNe. A hypernova (sometimes called a collapsar) is a very energetic supernova thought to result from an extreme core-collapse scenario. I re-removed the IPC section after DGG put it back in. It was only later when they realised that the burst was confined to a polar burst that the numbers started to add up. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.94.172.13 (talk) 13:10, 29 December 2014 (UTC), Since no action's occured regarding split I've removed the notice from the article and consolidated all prior discusssions within this section. 2014), and their potential use for cosmology (Inserra & … 2012; Vreeswijk et al. This would appear to be something of an exaggeration. A leading question of course, but such a statement has been added to the lead and needs explaining. Rreagan007 (talk) 20:12, 28 May 2018 (UTC), The article currently contains a mixture of descriptions of superluminous supernovae and hypernovae. The fictional usage all appeared prior to the 1993 Woolsey / McFadden application of the name to the accretion disk / jet mechanism black hole gamma burst phenomenon. Our superluminous supernova candidates at the redshifts of around 3 and 4 indicate the approximate superluminous supernova rates of ~400 ± 400 Gpc −3 yr −1 ( z ~ 3) and ~500 ± 500 Gpc −3 yr −1 ( z ~ 4) with Poisson errors. Both are unusually energetic supernovae, but in other respects the terms are used for different objects. hypernovae)" Lithopsian (talk) 13:35, 25 May 2014 (UTC). a collapsar page and only once that is done, remove the collapsar stuff on the hypernova Hypernova is clearly the common name of this phenomenon. I will present the sample of SLSNe detected over the duration of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Discussion to determine consensus opinion about the merge (if consensus exists) goes here. Am I missing something? Please remove it. Relative energy output is higher due to the extended duration of hypernovae, but still usually short of 100 times. Plus I'm pretty sure what was written is just untrue.67.82.47.139 23:25, 9 January 2007 (UTC), Regarding: 4. “Some of them are exceedingly luminous — 100 times brighter than ordinary supernovae,” Woosley said.
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